Increasing financial protection has been at the heart of reforms targeting the health insurance system in Tanzania for the last two decades. Despite this, population coverage with health insurance has remained relatively low estimated at 15.3 per cent of the total population which includes 8 per cent by National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF), 6 per cent of the improved community health fund (iCHF), and 1.3 per cent by other private health insurance. This brief looks at the implications of the UHI act (2023) on health financing in Tanzania.