Kenya’s health system is characterized by a mix of public and private health providers, with the Ministry of Health (MoH), 47 county
governments, and the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) serving as the primary purchasers of health servicesiii. The NHIF, established in 1966, has evolved into a significant player in the Kenyan health sector, covering over 20% of the population. It contracts with more than 8,000 health providers, including both public and private facilities, to deliver a range of inpatient and outpatient services.